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Most stem cells intended for regenerative therapy are generally isolated either from the patient's bone marrow or from adipose tissue. [15] [16] Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into the cells that make up bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, as well as muscle, neural and other progenitor tissues. They have been the main type of ...
Unipotent stem cells can differentiate into one specific cell fate. [200] Stem cells can differentiate into a range of specialized cells. While pluripotent stem cells would be an ideal source, the most prominent example of this subcategory is embryonic stem cells which—due to ethical issues—are controversial for use in research. As a result ...
In addition to the surviving tubular epithelial cells and kidney stem cells, the bone marrow stem cells have also been shown to participate in regeneration of the proximal tubule, however, the mechanisms remain controversial. Studies examining the capacity of bone marrow stem cells to differentiate into renal cells are emerging. [34]
Doctors and specialists at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia, are studying and reprogramming the potential of the blood to treat heart failure in children.
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. Also known as somatic stem cells (from Greek σωματικóς, meaning of the body), they can be found in juvenile, adult animals, and humans, unlike embryonic stem ...
The FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) warns: “Some patients may be vulnerable to stem cell treatments that are illegal and potentially harmful.” Of course, there are pros and cons to any ...
Stem cell tourism is the part of the medical tourism industry in which patients travel to obtain stem cell procedures. [109] The United States has had an explosion of "stem cell clinics". [110] Stem cell procedures are highly profitable for clinics. The advertising sounds authoritative but the efficacy and safety of the procedures is unproven.
Thus, dedifferentiation displays the ability of regeneration in the absence or scarcity of stem or progenitor cells. Recent studies discovered macrophages as an initial factor that contribute to the dedifferentiation of the cells in the site of injury and promote the formation of the progenitor cell pool during limb regeneration in the salamander.
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