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Gynecologic hemorrhage represents excessive bleeding of the female reproductive system. [1] [2] Such bleeding could be visible or external, namely bleeding from the vagina, or it could be internal into the pelvic cavity or form a hematoma. Normal menstruation is not considered a gynecologic hemorrhage, as it is not excessive.
Premenopausal women with hematometra often experience abnormal vaginal bleeding, including dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) or amenorrhea (lack of menstruation), while postmenopausal women are more likely to be asymptomatic. [3] Due to the accumulation of blood in the uterus, patients may develop low blood pressure or a vasovagal ...
Women with adenomyosis typically first report symptoms when they are between 40 and 50, but symptoms can occur in younger women. [3] [6] Symptoms (viz., heavy bleeding and pain) and the estimated percent affected may include: [6] Heavy menstrual bleeding (40–60%), which is more common in
In the case of pain without signs of intra-abdominal bleeding, conservative therapy may be initiated, which includes bed rest, antispasmodics, and physiotherapy. In the presence or suspected internal bleeding, surgery is indicated via laparoscopy or laparotomy. Other treatments may include efforts to stop the bleeding or resection of the ...
Of women with heavy menstrual bleeding, up to 20% will have a bleeding disorder. [24] Heavy menstrual bleeding since menarche is a common symptom for women with bleeding disorders, and in retrospective studies, bleeding disorders have been found in up to 62% of adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding. [25]
The best available data are from a study describing the frequency and outcome of laparoscopy in women with chronic pelvic pain and/or a pelvic mass who were found to have ovarian remnants. In 119 women who underwent hysterectomy and oophorectomy by laparoscopy, ovarian remnants were known in 5 and were found during surgery in 21 patients (18% ...
After a laparoscopy or a laparotomy, it may take as long as 12 weeks before one can resume normal activities. [36] If the cyst is sent off for testing, the results should come back in a few weeks. These symptoms may indicate an infection and need further attention: [36] heavy bleeding; severe pain or swelling in the abdomen; a high temperature ...
Prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding, amongst people of child-bearing age, and the proportion who seek medical help. [14] The NICE guidelines states that: "Many women presenting to primary care with symptoms of HMB can be offered treatment without the need for further examination or investigation.