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Turku (/ ˈ t ʊər k uː / TOOR-koo; [12] [13] Finnish: ⓘ; Swedish: Åbo, Finland Swedish: ⓘ) is a city in Finland and the regional capital of Southwest Finland. It is located on the southwestern coast of the country at the mouth of the River Aura .
The names used for some major European cities differ in different European and sometimes non-European languages. In some countries where there are two or more languages spoken, such as Belgium or Switzerland, dual forms may be used within the city itself, for example on signage.
In 1809, Finland came under Russian rule with Turku serving as the capital of the Grand Duchy of Finland. In 1812, the Russians relocated the capital to Helsinki . The Great Fire of Turku in 1827 was a significant milestone in the history of the city due to its almost complete destruction.
The following is a list of cities and towns (Finnish: kaupunki, Swedish: stad) in Finland.[a] The basic administrative unit of Finland is municipality.Since 1977, there is no legal difference between towns and municipalities, [1] and a municipality can independently decide to call itself a city or town if it considers that it meets the requirements of an urban settlement. [2]
Turku metropolitan area or Turku region (Finnish: Turun seutu, Swedish: Åbo region) is the metropolitan area around the city of Turku in Finland. The joint municipal authority of the Turku city region ( Finnish : Turun kaupunkiseutu , Swedish : Åbo stadsregion ) consists of six municipalities: Turku, Kaarina , Lieto , Naantali , Raisio and ...
German was the third most spoken language in Helsinki at the time, and German schools which still operate today were established in Helsinki. [3] During World War II, there were about 200,000 German soldiers in Finland in the period 1941–1944, and an estimated 700 children were born to German soldiers and Finnish women. [4] [5] Many present ...
In addition to Helsinki other bilingual towns and municipalities in Finland often have bilingual names for districts, villages, and places in nature, such as lakes and rivers. Some examples are: Finnish Lohjanjärvi / Swedish Lojo sjö (Lake in Uusimaa) Finnish Kymijoki / Swedish Kymmene älv (River in Kymenlaakso)
Swedish is the main language of 5.2% of the population in 2022 [3] (92.4% in the Åland autonomous province), down from 14% at the beginning of the 20th century. In 2012, 44% of Finnish citizens with another registered primary language than Swedish could hold a conversation in this language. [4]