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Azurite or Azure spar [5]: 14 is a soft, deep-blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits. During the early 19th century, it was also known as chessylite , after the type locality at Chessy-les-Mines near Lyon , France . [ 3 ]
Azurite was frequently used in European Renaissance painting. It appears, for example, in the dark blue sky of a Spanish altarpiece painting by Bartolome Bermejo. [8] In this painting, azurite is also combined with lead white to paint the green robe of the Saint. [8] During this time, azurite was a common pigment used to paint a blue sky. [1]
Most minerals on Earth formed after photosynthesis by cyanobacteria (pictured) began adding oxygen to the atmosphere. Mineral evolution is a recent hypothesis that provides historical context to mineralogy. It postulates that mineralogy on planets and moons becomes increasingly complex as a result of changes in the physical, chemical and ...
Azure spar, sometimes azur-spar (German: Lazur spath, Blau spath) is a trivial and commercial, partly obsolete name for several of the most famous bright blue or blue-colored minerals, which also have similar names, most notably for lazurite and azurite, [1]: 14 and also for the less commonly used lazulite.
Tenorite with azurite from Nischne Tagilsk, Urals, Russia. Tenorite occurs in the weathered or oxidized zone associated with deeper primary copper sulfide orebodies. Tenorite commonly occurs with chrysocolla and the copper carbonates, azurite and malachite.
Other blue minerals, such as the carbonate mineral, azurite, and the phosphate mineral, lazulite, may be confused with lazurite, but are easily distinguished with careful examination. At one time, lazurite was a synonym for azurite. [5]
Pigments made from azurite were less expensive, but tended to turn dark and green with time. An example is the robe of the Virgin Mary in The Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints by Raphael in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. The Virgin Mary's azurite blue robe has degraded into a greenish-black. [35]
Lazulite or Azure spar [6]: 14 is a transparent to semi-opaque, blue mineral that is a phosphate of magnesium, iron, and aluminium, with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe 2+)Al 2 (PO 4) 2 (OH) 2. [3]