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In osteology, the osteon or haversian system (/ h ə ˈ v ɜːr. ʒ ən /; named for Clopton Havers) is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Osteons are roughly cylindrical structures that are typically between 0.25 mm and 0.35 mm in diameter . [ 1 ]
Bones protect internal organs, such as the skull protecting the brain or the ribs protecting the heart and lungs. Because of the way that bone is formed, bone has a high compressive strength of about 170 MPa (1,700 kgf/cm 2), [7] poor tensile strength of 104–121 MPa, and a very low shear stress strength (51.6 MPa).
Materials picked up by osteocytes adjacent to blood vessels are distributed throughout the bone matrix via the canaliculi. Diameter of canaliculi in human bone is approximately 200 to 900 nm. [ 1 ] In bovine tibia diameter of canaliculi was found to vary from 155 to 844 nm (average 426 nm). [ 2 ]
The skeleton is a large organ that is formed and degraded throughout life in the air-breathing vertebrates. The skeleton, often referred to as the skeletal system, is important both as a supporting structure and for maintenance of calcium, phosphate, and acid-base status in the whole organism. [5]
These organs are always made up of special cells that support its specific function. The normal position and function of each visceral organ must be known before the abnormal can be ascertained. Healthy organs all work together cohesively and gaining a better understanding of how, helps to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
The brain consumes up to 20% of the energy used by the human body, more than any other organ. [131] In humans, blood glucose is the primary source of energy for most cells and is critical for normal function in a number of tissues, including the brain. [ 132 ]
Association neurons are located in the grey matter of the spinal cord and the brain. The CNS is protected by the cranium, vertebral column, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid. The spinal cord is an extension of the brain. The spinal cord and the brain stem are joined at the base of the cranium at the foramen magnum. Most of the functions of the head ...
This article contains a list of organs in the human body. It is widely believed that there are 79 organs (this number goes up if you count each bone and muscle as an organ on their own, which is becoming a more common practice [1] [2]); however, there is no universal standard definition of what constitutes an organ, and some tissue groups' status as one is debated. [3]