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2. Congenital vertebral anomaly - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_vertebral_anomaly

   Lumbarization of sacral vertebra 1, seen as 6 vertebrae that do not connect to ribs. Lumbarization is an anomaly in the spine. It is defined by the nonfusion of the first and second segments of the sacrum. The lumbar spine subsequently appears to have six vertebrae or segments, not five. This sixth lumbar vertebra is known as a transitional ...

3. Facet syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facet_syndrome

   The first cervical vertebra has an inferior articulating surface but, as it does not restrict lateral or posterior translation, is not always considered a proper zygoma [9] (zygoma is Greek for "yoke", i.e. something that restrains movement). In the lumbar spine, facets provide about 20 percent of the twisting stability in the low back. Each ...

4. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_idiopathic...

   In some, the x-ray findings may correspond to symptoms of back stiffness with flexion/extension or with mild back pain. [2] Back pain or stiffness may be worse in the morning. [4] Rarely, large anterior cervical spine osteophytes may affect the esophagus or the larynx and cause pain, difficulty swallowing [5] [6] or even dyspnea. [7]

5. Spinal disease - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_disease

   Because each vertebra can cause pain in different areas of the body, the pain from the disease can be sensed in the back, leg, neck area, or even the arms. When the spinal canal begins to lose its gap and gets thinner, it can cause pain in the neck, which can also cause a numb feeling in the arms and hands. Those are symptoms of cervical ...

6. Spondylosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylosis

   When the space between two adjacent vertebrae narrows, compression of a nerve root emerging from the spinal cord may result in radiculopathy. [1] Radiculopathy is characterized by sensory and motor disturbances, such as severe pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, back, or leg, accompanied by

7. Klippel–Feil syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klippel–Feil_syndrome

   Klippel–Feil syndrome (KFS), also known as cervical vertebral fusion syndrome, is a rare congenital condition characterized by the abnormal fusion of any two of the seven bones in the neck (cervical vertebrae). [1]: 578 It can result in a limited ability to move the neck and shortness of the neck, resulting in the appearance of a low hairline ...