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The ammonia is used mainly as a nitrogen fertilizer as ammonia itself, in the form of ammonium nitrate, and as urea. The Haber process consumes 3–5% of the world's natural gas production (around 1–2% of the world's energy supply).
The history of the Haber process begins with the invention of the Haber process at the dawn of the twentieth century. The process allows the economical fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen in the form of ammonia, which in turn allows for the industrial synthesis of various explosives and nitrogen fertilizers, and is probably the most important industrial process developed during the twentieth ...
The Haber–Bosch process was a milestone in industrial chemistry. The production of nitrogen-based products such as fertilizer and chemical feedstocks, which was previously dependent on acquisition of ammonia from limited natural deposits, now became possible using an easily available and abundant base: atmospheric nitrogen. [19]
The main nitrogen-based straight fertilizer is ammonia (NH 3) ammonium (NH 4 +) or its solutions, including: Ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) with 34-35% nitrogen is also widely used. Urea (CO(NH 2 ) 2 ), with 45-46% nitrogen, another popular source of nitrogen, having the advantage that it is solid and non-explosive, unlike ammonia and ammonium ...
Because ammonia production depends on a reliable supply of energy, fossil fuels are often used, contributing to climate change when they are combusted and create greenhouse gasses. [11] Ammonia production also introduces nitrogen into the Earth's nitrogen cycle, causing imbalances that contribute to environmental issues such as algae blooms.
Ammonia is an inorganic chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula N H 3.A stable binary hydride and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinctive pungent smell.
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