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The phlebotomic action opens a channel for contamination of the host species with bacteria, viruses and blood-borne parasites contained in the hematophagous organism. Thus, many animal and human infectious diseases are transmitted by hematophagous species, such as the bubonic plague, Chagas disease, dengue fever, eastern equine encephalitis, filariasis, leishmaniasis, Lyme disease, malaria ...
It is found throughout North America and Latin America, and is common in the Southeastern United States. [citation needed].Its range within the eastern United States is south of Pennsylvania, in the midwest north to Ohio and Missouri and in the southwest to Arizona.
Different mosquito species favor amphibians, reptiles including snakes, birds, and mammals. For example, Culiseta melanura sucks the blood of passerine birds, but as mosquito numbers rise they attack mammals including horses and humans, causing epidemics of Eastern equine encephalitis virus in North America. [27]
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds. This article covers eastern North America, i.e. the regions of the United States and Canada which lie east of the Rocky Mountains.
These are the first detections of the Highly Pathogenic Eurasian H5N1 Avian influenza in the state of California.
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 77 bird species in the United States are threatened with extinction. [1] The IUCN has classified each of these species into one of three conservation statuses: vulnerable VU, endangered EN, and critically endangered CR (v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014 [1]).
Toxic birds are birds that use toxins to defend themselves from predators. Although no known bird actively injects or produces venom , toxic birds sequester poison from animals and plants they consume, especially poisonous insects.
Their food source is the blood of other animals, a dietary trait called hematophagy. Three extant bat species feed solely on blood: the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus), the hairy-legged vampire bat (Diphylla ecaudata), and the white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi). Two extinct species of the genus Desmodus have been found in North ...