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A simple staining method for bacteria that is usually successful, even when the positive staining methods fail, is to use a negative stain. This can be achieved by smearing the sample onto the slide and then applying nigrosin (a black synthetic dye) or India ink (an aqueous suspension of carbon particles).
Immunohistochemistry can be performed on tissue that has been fixed and embedded in paraffin, but also cryopreservated (frozen) tissue.Based on the way the tissue is preserved, there are different steps to prepare the tissue for immunohistochemistry, but the general method includes proper fixation, antigen retrieval incubation with primary antibody, then incubation with secondary antibody.
The trichrome is applied by immersion of the fixated sample into Weigert's iron hematoxylin, and then three different solutions, labeled A, B, and C: Weigert's hematoxylin is a sequence of three solutions: ferric chloride in diluted hydrochloric acid , hematoxylin in 95% ethanol , and potassium ferricyanide solution alkalized by sodium borate .
Wright's stain is a hematologic stain that facilitates the differentiation of blood cell types. It is classically a mixture of eosin (red) and methylene blue dyes. It is used primarily to stain peripheral blood smears , urine samples, and bone marrow aspirates , which are examined under a light microscope .
The structure of the fuchsin dye. The Schiff test is an early organic chemistry named reaction developed by Hugo Schiff, [1] and is a relatively general chemical test for detection of many organic aldehydes that has also found use in the staining of biological tissues. [2]
Gram stain (Gram staining or Gram's method), is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups: gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. It may also be used to diagnose a fungal infection. [1] The name comes from the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who developed the technique in 1884. [2]
PAS staining is also used for staining cellulose. One example would be looking for implanted medical devices composed of nonoxidized cellulose. If the PAS stain will be performed on tissue, the recommended fixative is 10% neutral-buffered formalin or Bouin solution. For blood smears, the recommended fixative is methanol.
A tetramer assay (also known as a tetramer stain) is a procedure that uses tetrameric proteins to detect and quantify T cells that are specific for a given antigen within a blood sample. [1] The tetramers used in the assay are made up of four major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which are found on the surface of most cells in the ...