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They're different to the extraocular muscles that are outside of the eye and control the external movement of the eye. [2] There are three intrisic ocular muscles: the ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle (sphincter pupillae) and pupillary dilator muscle (dilator pupillae). [1] [2] All of them are smooth muscles. [2]
The levator palpebrae superioris receives motor innervation from the superior division of the oculomotor nerve. [1] [2] [3] The smooth muscle that originates from its undersurface, called the superior tarsal muscle is innervated by postganglionic sympathetic axons from the superior cervical ganglion.
The iris dilator muscle (pupil dilator muscle, pupillary dilator, radial muscle of iris, radiating fibers), is a smooth muscle [2] of the eye, running radially in the iris and therefore fit as a dilator. The pupillary dilator consists of a spokelike arrangement of modified contractile cells called myoepithelial cells.
The ciliary muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the eye formed as a ring of smooth muscle [3] [4] in the eye's middle layer, the uvea (vascular layer).It controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal.
Affect: a broader term used to describe the emotional and cognitive experience of an emotion, feeling or mood. It can be understood as a combination of three components: emotion, mood, and affectivity (an individual's overall disposition or temperament, which can be characterized as having a generally positive or negative affect).
This is usually associated with involuntary jerky eye movements of the abducting eye, a syndrome called internuclear ophthalmoplegia. [7] Because multiple sclerosis causes demyelination of the axons of the central nervous system , it can cause internuclear ophthalmoplegia when medial longitudinal fasciculus axons get demyelinated. [ 8 ]
The lacrimal canaliculi have a mucosa composed of a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium on a basement membrane and a highly elastic lamina propria.Surrounding the mucosa are skeletal muscle fibres continuous with the orbicularis oculi which forms a sort of sphincter.
In the anatomy of the eye, the conjunctiva (pl.: conjunctivae) is a thin mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera (the white of the eye). [1] It is composed of non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium with goblet cells , stratified columnar epithelium and stratified cuboidal epithelium (depending on the ...