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Apollo 11 was a spaceflight conducted by the United States and launched by NASA from July 16 to July 24, 1969. ... For a skip-out re-entry, P65 and P66 were employed ...
Apollo 17 command module splashing down in the Pacific Ocean. Soyuz TMA reentry capsule after landing, 2005. A reentry capsule is the portion of a space capsule which returns to Earth following a spaceflight.
According to the mission log maintained by Gene Kranz, the Apollo 13 re-entry blackout lasted around 6 minutes, beginning at 142:39 and ending at 142:45, and was 1 minute 27 seconds longer than had been predicted. [5] Communications blackouts for re-entry are not solely confined to entry into Earth's atmosphere.
Apollo 13 had drawn heavily on its entry batteries in the first hours after the explosion, and while this new battery could not power the CM for more than 5–10 hours it would buy time in the event of a temporary loss of all three fuel cells. Such an event had occurred when Apollo 12 was struck twice by lightning during launch.
Entry support team (ascent and entry) – monitored the winds and weather at the various potential landing sites, prepare trajectory adjustments Landing support officer (LSO) team – maintained the airspace at any landing site, dispatch Search and Rescue teams if needed, act as first liaison in case of a landing outside the US
Apollo 12: Astronaut Alan Bean was struck above the right eyebrow by a 16mm movie camera when the spacecraft splashed down in the ocean. The camera broke free from its storage place. Bean suffered a concussion, [45] and a 1.25 cm cut above the eyebrow that required stitches. [46] Premature engine shutdown 11 April 1970: Apollo 13
For lunar return entry of 11 km/s, [23] the shock layer contains a significant amount of ionized nitrogen and oxygen. The five-species model is no longer accurate and a twelve-species model must be used instead. Atmospheric entry interface velocities on a Mars–Earth trajectory are on the order of 12 km/s (43,000 km/h; 27,000 mph). [24]
The Apollo Command Module used a skip-like concept to lower the heating loads on the vehicle by extending the re-entry time, but the spacecraft did not leave the atmosphere again and there has been considerable debate whether this makes it a true skip profile. NASA referred to it simply as "lifting entry".