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A cyclopropyl group is a chemical structure derived from cyclopropane; it is typically produced in a cyclopropanation reaction. The group has an empirical formula of C 3 H 5 and chemical bonds from each of the three carbons to both of the other two.
Alkyl groups that contain one ring have the formula −C n H 2n−1, e.g. cyclopropyl and cyclohexyl. The formula of alkyl radicals are the same as alkyl groups, except the free valence "−" is replaced by the dot "•" and adding "radical" to the name of the alkyl group (e.g. methyl radical •CH 3).
From left to right: the two isomeric groups propyl and 1-methylethyl (iPr or isopropyl), and the non-isomeric cyclopropyl group. In organic chemistry, a propyl group is a three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula −CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 for the linear form.
Most cyclopropanes are not prepared from the parent cyclopropane, which is somewhat inert. Cyclopropyl groups are often prepared by cyclization of 1,3-difunctional alkanes. An example of the former, cyclopropyl cyanide is prepared by the reaction of 4-chlorobutyronitrile with a strong base. [1]
Alkyl cycloalkanes are chemical compounds with an alkyl group with a single ring of carbons to which hydrogens are attached according to the formula C n H 2n . They are named analogously to their normal alkane counterpart of the same carbon count: methylcyclopropane , methylcyclobutane , methylcyclopentane , methylcyclohexane , etc. [ 1 ]
In general, hydrogen migrates the fastest, and alkyl and aryl groups migrate at approximately the same rate, with alkyl migrations favored under photolysis, and aryl migrations preferred under thermolysis. [15] Substituent effects on aryl groups are negligible, with the exception of NO 2, which is a poor migrator. [15]
In organic chemistry, cyclopropanation refers to any chemical process which generates cyclopropane ((CH 2) 3) rings.It is an important process in modern chemistry as many useful compounds bear this motif; for example pyrethroid insecticides and a number of quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, etc.).
Cyclopropanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 3 H 6 O. It contains a cyclopropyl group with a hydroxyl group attached to it. The compound is highly unstable due to the three-membered ring, and is susceptible to reactions that open the ring.