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The Golgi apparatus (/ ˈ ɡ ɒ l dʒ i /), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. [1] Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm , it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination.
The Golgi apparatus plays a critical role in the modification of proteins through glycosylation, particularly N-linked glycosylation, which is a crucial process for the proper folding, stability, and function of many secretory and membrane-bound proteins. [6]
The Golgi apparatus (also known as the Golgi body and the Golgi complex) is composed of separate sacs called cisternae. Its shape is similar to a stack of pancakes. The number of these stacks varies with the specific function of the cell. The Golgi apparatus is used by the cell for further protein modification.
The Golgi apparatus, which participates in glycosylation and transport of proteins and lipids in the secretory pathway, consists of a series of stacked cisternae (flattened membrane sacs). Interactions between the Golgi and microtubules are thought to be important for the reorganization of the Golgi after it fragments during mitosis. [ 6 ]
Golgi apparatus: sorting, packaging, processing and modification of proteins: single-membrane compartment: all eukaryotes: cis-face (convex) nearest to rough endoplasmic reticulum; trans-face (concave) farthest from rough endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion: energy production from the oxidation of glucose substances and the release of adenosine ...
The Golgi matrix is a collection of proteins involved in the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus. [1] [2] [3] The matrix was first isolated in 1994 as an amorphous collection of 12 proteins that remained associated together in the presence of detergent (which removed Golgi membranes) and 150 m M NaCl (which removed weakly associated proteins). [4]
Golgi apparatus: The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package the macromolecules such as proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell. Lysosomes and peroxisomes: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes (acid hydrolases). They digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
The conserved oligomeric Golgi complex (COG) is a multiprotein complex found in the Golgi apparatus structure and involved in intracellular transport and glycoprotein modification. [ 1 ] Earlier names for this complex were: the Golgi transport complex (GTC), the LDLC complex, which is involved in glycosylation reactions, and the SEC34 complex ...