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The tumors, which are typically found in regions like the scalp with a high density of hair follicles, can be solid or solid cystic. Proliferating trichilemmal cyst frequently manifests clinically as a subcutaneous nodule that gradually grows into a big nodular mass. Rapid growth in some cases may be a sign of malignant development into cancer. [3]
Relative incidence of cutaneous cysts: Trichilemmal cyst is labeled near top. A trichilemmal cyst (or pilar cyst ) is a common cyst that forms from a hair follicle , most often on the scalp , and is smooth, mobile, and filled with keratin , a protein component found in hair , nails , skin , and horns .
About 90% of pilar cysts occur on the scalp, with the remaining sometimes occurring on the face, trunk, and extremities. [7]: 1477 Pilar cysts are significantly more common in females, and a tendency to develop these cysts is often inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. [7]: 1477 In most cases, multiple pilar cysts appear at once.
Pilomatricoma is a benign skin tumor derived from the hair matrix. [2] [3] These neoplasms are relatively uncommon and typically occur on the scalp, face, and upper extremities.
English: Histopathology of a trichilemmal cyst, from internal (top) to external (bottom): - Solid eosinophilic-staining keratin. - Swollen pale keratinocytes, which increase in height closer to the interior. - Small, cuboidal, dark-staining basal epithelial cells in a palisade arrangement, with no distinct intercellular bridging. - Fibrous capsule.
Keratosis pilaris (KP; also follicular keratosis, lichen pilaris, or colloquially chicken skin. [1]) is a common, autosomal-dominant, genetic condition of the skin's hair follicles characterized by the appearance of possibly itchy, small, gooseflesh-like bumps, with varying degrees of reddening or inflammation. [2]
A pilar sheath acanthoma is a cutaneous condition most often found on the face, particularly above the upper lip in adults. [1]: 675 Pilar sheath acanthoma is a skin-colored, 5-10 mm diameter papule or nodule with a keratin-filled pore in the center. Pilar sheath acanthoma diagnosis confirmed by shave or excisional biopsy.
Very rarely it can in fact develop malignant change with development of a squamous cell carcinoma. It is commonest in the scalp, especially of the elderly, women more often than men. The proliferating pilar cyst/tumor is usually solitary, but it often arises from a simple pilar cyst and these are multiple in 70% of cases.
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