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Reptile scale types include: cycloid, granular (which appear bumpy), and keeled (which have a center ridge). Scales usually vary in size, the stouter, larger scales cover parts that are often exposed to physical stress (usually the feet, tail and head), while scales are small around the joints for flexibility.
Ctenoid (toothed) scales are like cycloid scales, except they have small teeth or spinules called ctenii along their outer or posterior edges. Because of these teeth, the scales have a rough texture. They are usually found on fishes with spiny fin rays, such as the perch-like fishes.
The scales of these fishes are thinner, flexible scales called bony-ridged scales. Blackchins have scales called cycloid scales, [5] which are round and, compared to the scales of other fishes, smooth. These scales are a clue that this species is primitive in comparison to other teleosts, many of whom have ctenoid scales.
Derived from placoid scales, they have a thick coat of enamel, but without the underlying layer of dentin. These scales cover the fish's body with little overlapping. They are typical of gar and bichirs. Cycloid scales are small, oval-shaped scales with growth rings like the rings of a tree. They lack enamel, dentin, and a vascular bone layer.
A cycloid is a curve traced by a rolling circle. "Cycloid" can also refer to: Cyclida (formerly Cycloidea), an order of prehistoric crustaceans; Cycloid scale, a type of scale seen on some fishes; Cycloid-β and Cycloid-γ, characters in the Street Fighter games
The teleost scales are also then divided into two subgroups which are the cycloid scales, and the ctenoid scales. All these scales have a base of bone that they all originate from, the only difference is that the teleost scales only have one layer of bone.
The only marking on its body is a thin lateral stripe that extends from its head to its tail. The scales on its body are composed of round lateral scales called cycloid scales. It has a slightly subterminal mouth and no adipose fin. Like other members of the family Cyprinidae, the pallid shiner is a toothless fish and has no stomach.
The ocular scale proper is a transparent scale covering the eye which is called the spectacle, brille or eyecap. [9] [23] The circumorbital scales towards the snout or the front are called preocular scales, those towards the rear are called postocular scales, and those towards the upper or dorsal side are called supraocular scales.