Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Its effects last for about four to six hours. Codeine exhibits abuse potential similar to other opioid medications, including a risk of addiction and overdose. [4] Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, itchiness, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. [4] Serious side effects may include breathing difficulties and addiction. [4]
Main side effects of oxycodone [44] Two tablets (10 mg) of oxycodone and safety blisters. The most common side effects of oxycodone include reduced sensitivity to pain, delayed gastric emptying, euphoria, anxiolysis (a reduction in anxiety), feelings of relaxation, and respiratory depression. [45]
Tramadol also acts as an opioid agonist and thus can increase the risk for side effects when used with other opioid and opioid-containing analgesics (such as morphine, pethidine, tapentadol, oxycodone, fentanyl, and Tylenol 3). [61] Tramadol increases the risk for seizures by lowering the seizure threshold.
This requires them to increase their drug dosage to maintain the benefit, and that in turn also increases the unwanted side effects. [78] Long-term opioid use can cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia, which is a condition in which the patient has increased sensitivity to pain. [101] All of the opioids can cause side effects. [70]
An opioid-dependent person should not receive naltrexone before detoxification. [8] It is taken orally or by injection into a muscle. [8] Effects begin within 30 minutes, [8] though a decreased desire for opioids may take a few weeks to occur. [8] Side effects may include trouble sleeping, anxiety, nausea, and headaches. [8]
Like other opioid drugs, pethidine has the potential to cause physical dependence or addiction. The especially severe side effects unique to pethidine among opioids—serotonin syndrome, seizures, delirium, dysphoria, tremor—are primarily or entirely due to the action of its metabolite, norpethidine. [36] [38]
The effects of morphine will likely be more pronounced in opioid-naive subjects than in chronic opioid users. In chronic opioid users, such as those on Chronic Opioid Analgesic Therapy (COAT) for managing severe, chronic pain, behavioural testing has shown normal functioning on perception, cognition, coordination, and behaviour in most cases.
Less common side effects include: delayed gastric emptying, hyperalgesia, immunologic and hormonal dysfunction (hypogonadism is often seen in men taking chronic opioids, but is not always clinically evident), muscle rigidity, and myoclonus. [32] Opiate use for pain is widely accepted in the healthcare system.