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[62] [63] For example, a permaculture farm in Cuba began with 9 tiger worms in 2001 and 15 years later had a population of over 500,000. [64] The worm castings are particularly useful as part of a seed starting mix and regular fertilizer. Worm castings are reportedly more successful than conventional compost for seed starting. [63]
In permaculture, sheet mulching is an agricultural no-dig gardening technique that attempts to mimic the natural soil-building process in forests. When deployed properly and in combination with other permaculture principles, it can generate healthy, productive, and low maintenance ecosystems .
David Holmgren, one of the founders of permaculture, used Yeoman's Keyline design extensively in the formulation of his principles of permaculture and the design of sustainable human settlements and organic farms. [4] [5] Darren J. Doherty has extensive global experience in Keyline design, development, management, and education.
His expanded farm now spans over 45 hectares of forest gardens, including 70 ponds, and is said to be the most consistent example of permaculture worldwide. In the past he has experimented with many different animals. As a result of these experiments, there is a huge role for animals in Holzer Permaculture.
Syntropic farming, syntropic agriculture or syntropic agroforestry is an organic, permaculture agroforestry system developed by Ernst Götsch in Brazil. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] Sometimes this system is referred to as a successional agroforestry systems or SAFS , which sometimes refer to a broader concept originating in Latin America. [ 58 ]
Regenerative agriculture is a conservation and rehabilitation approach to food and farming systems. It focuses on topsoil regeneration, increasing biodiversity, [1] improving the water cycle, [2] enhancing ecosystem services, supporting biosequestration, [3] increasing resilience to climate change, and strengthening the health and vitality of farm soil.
The Wadi Rum Consultancy of Wadi Rum Organic Farms, [1] is an example of desert greening. [2] [3] Begun in 2010, it is located in historic Wadi Rum, in southern Jordan. Overseen by permaculture expert Geoff Lawton, it has established a sustainable agriculture system.
Herb Spiral in early summer. An herb spiral is a three dimensional garden bed for the cultivation of culinary herbs.The herb spiral is an example of permaculture design. It enables a variety of plants with different needs to grow in a small space and makes it possible to cater to the smallest space habitat requirements of plants of different climatic zones.