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Egypt also extracts oil, and is the largest non-OPEC producer of oil in Africa. Additionally, Egypt also produces the second most natural gas in Africa. Hydrocarbon extraction accounts for 12% of Egypt's GDP. [3] About 90% percent of Egypt's petroleum production comes from oil wells in the Gulf of Suez.
The Bahariya Formation (also transcribed as Baharija Formation) is a fossiliferous geologic formation dating back to the early Cenomanian, which outcrops within the Bahariya depression in Egypt, and is known from oil exploration drilling across much of the Western Desert where it forms an important oil reservoir. [1] [3] [4]
Overall, the main source rocks are located in the Pre Miocene succession as they are represented by fine grained clastics and carbonates rocks belonging to the Nubia-B formation from the Carboniferous period, brown limestone of the Dawi Formation from the Late Cretaceous epoch, Esna shale formation from the Paleocene and the Thebes carbonate ...
Although Egypt is not a member of OPEC, it is a member of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. [ 2 ] As of 2005 [update] , Egypt's proven oil reserves were estimated at 3.7 billion bbl (590 million m 3 ), of which 2.9 billion bbl (460 million m 3 ) was crude oil and 0.8 billion bbl (130 million m 3 ) were natural gas liquids ...
Petroleum geology is the study of the origins, occurrence, movement, accumulation, and exploration of hydrocarbon fuels. It refers to the specific set of geological disciplines that are applied to the search for hydrocarbons ( oil exploration ).
Further complicating the problem is the widespread occurrence of small amounts of petroleum in the rocks of many sedimentary provinces. In fact, if a sedimentary province is absolutely barren of traces of petroleum, it is not feasible to continue drilling there. The formation evaluation problem is a matter of answering two questions:
This process caused the organic matter to change, first into a waxy material known as kerogen, found in various oil shales around the world, and then with more heat into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons via a process known as catagenesis. Formation of petroleum occurs from hydrocarbon pyrolysis in a variety of mainly endothermic reactions at ...
The "deep biotic petroleum hypothesis", similar to the abiogenic petroleum origin hypothesis, holds that not all petroleum deposits within the Earth's rocks can be explained purely according to the orthodox view of petroleum geology. Thomas Gold used the term "the deep hot biosphere" to describe the microbes which live underground. [6]