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The Citadel of Cairo or Citadel of Saladin (Arabic: قلعة صلاح الدين, romanized: Qalaʿat Salāḥ ad-Dīn) is a medieval Islamic-era fortification in Cairo, Egypt, built by Salah ad-Din (Saladin) and further developed by subsequent Egyptian rulers.
The Citadel of Aleppo (Arabic: قلعة حلب, romanized: Qalʿat Ḥalab) is a large medieval fortified palace in the centre of the old city of Aleppo, northern Syria. It is considered to be one of the oldest and largest castles in the world. Usage of the Citadel hill dates back at least to the middle of the 3rd millennium BC.
Some of the oldest known structures which have served as citadels were built by the Indus Valley civilisation, where citadels represented a centralised authority. Citadels in Indus Valley were almost 12 meters tall. [2] The purpose of these structures, however, remains debated.
Naryn-Kala citadel occupies the top of the hill closest to the Caspian Sea. The path along the coast was blocked by two parallel fortress walls (the Derbent wall), adjoining the citadel in the west, and leaving the sea at the eastern end, preventing the fortress from being bypassed in shallow water and forming a harbor for ships. [4]
Oldest standing structure in Ethiopia Barnenez: France: Europe: 4850 BCE Passage grave Located in northern Finistère and partially restored. The structure is 72 m long, 25 m wide and over 8 m high. [6] [7] The oldest known building in Eurasia. Porta Nigra: Germany: Europe: 180 CE Roman city gate It is today the largest Roman city gate north of ...
The Erbil Citadel (Kurdish: قەڵای هەولێر Qelay Hewlêr, Arabic: قلعة اربيل, romanized: Qal'at Erbīl) locally called Qellat, is a tell or occupied mound, and the historical city centre of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. [1] The citadel has been included in the World Heritage List since 21 June 2014.
Herat Citadel, Afghanistan; Citadel of Ghazni, Afghanistan; Antwerp Citadel, Belgium (demolished); Citadel of Dinant, Belgium; Citadel of Huy, Belgium; Citadel of ...
[3] [4] [5] Despite this gap, the Citadel of Amman is considered to be among the world's oldest continuously inhabited places. [6] Most of the structures still visible at the site are from the Roman, Byzantine, and Umayyad periods. [7] The major remains at the site are the Temple of Hercules, a Byzantine church, and the Umayyad Palace.