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In law and government, de jure (/ d eɪ ˈ dʒ ʊər i, d i-,-ˈ jʊər-/; Latin: [deː ˈjuːre]; lit. ' by law ' ) describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality.
The term de jure standard refers to a standard mandated by legal requirements or refers generally to any formal standard. In contrast, the term de facto standard refers to a specification (or protocol or technology) that has achieved widespread use and acceptance – often without being approved by any standards organization (or receiving such ...
The following languages are official (de jure or de facto) in three or more sovereign states. In some cases, a language may be defined as different languages in different countries. Examples are Hindi and Urdu, Malay and Indonesian, Serbian and Croatian, Persian and Tajik. English: 58 UN states and 31 dependencies
The term "de facto standard" is used for both: to contrast obligatory standards (also known as "de jure standards"); or to express a dominant standard, when there is more than one proposed standard. In social sciences, a voluntary standard that is also a de facto standard, is a typical solution to a coordination problem. [15]
Literally "from fact"; often used to mean something that is true in practice, but has not been officially instituted or endorsed. "For all intents and purposes". Cf. de jure. de futuro: concerning the future At a future date. de integro: concerning the whole Often used to mean "start it all over", in the context of "repeat de integro". de jure
A de facto standard is a custom or convention that is commonly used even though its use is not required. De facto is a Latin phrase (literally " of fact "), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established".
De facto recognition of states, rather than de jure, is rare. De jure recognition is stronger, while de facto recognition is more tentative and recognizes only that a government exercises control over a territory. An example of the difference is when the United Kingdom recognized the Soviet state de facto in 1921, but de jure only in 1924.
This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, although there are no precise inclusion criteria or definition of a language. An '*' (asterisk) indicates a country whose independence is disputed. Partially recognized or de facto independent countries are denoted by an asterisk (*)