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The structure and function of the epithelial cells lining the lumen change during the course of the nephron, and have segments named by their location and which reflects their different functions. Fig.4) Diagram outlining movement of ions in nephron, with the collecting ducts on the right.
In a healthy human, the kidney receives between 12 and 30% of cardiac output, but it averages about 20% or about 1.25 L/min. The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney is the nephron . Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium by filtering the blood , reabsorbing what is needed ...
Within a single nephron, regenerative abilities differ between its parts. [199] In acute toxic and ischemic injuries, the tubules are able to regenerate and restore the function of the nephron. [196] In particular, the proximal part of the nephron, through which up to two-thirds of the primary urine is absorbed, [200] has the ability to ...
The nephron by itself is similar to pronephros as a whole organ. [18] The simplest nephrons are found in the pronephros, which is the final functional organ in primitive fish . [ 19 ] The nephrons of the mesonephros, the functional organ in most anamniotes called opisthonephros , [ 20 ] are slightly more complex than those of the pronephros. [ 19 ]
Each nephron begins in a renal corpuscle, which is composed of a glomerulus enclosed in a Bowman's capsule. Cells, proteins, and other large molecules are filtered out of the glomerulus by a process of ultrafiltration , leaving an ultrafiltrate that resembles plasma (except that the ultrafiltrate has negligible plasma proteins ) to enter Bowman ...
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is part of the kidney nephron, next to the glomerulus. It is found between afferent arteriole and the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (distal straight tubule) of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. [2] [3]
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. [4] Central to the physiologic maintenance of GFR is the differential basal tone of the afferent (input) and efferent (output) arterioles (see diagram).
54631 Ensembl ENSG00000161270 ENSMUSG00000006649 UniProt O60500 Q9QZS7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004646 NM_019459 RefSeq (protein) NP_004637 NP_062332 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 35.83 – 35.87 Mb Chr 7: 30.16 – 30.19 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Nephrin is a protein necessary for the proper functioning of the renal filtration barrier. The renal filtration barrier consists ...