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Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), also known as monoammonium phosphate (MAP) [5] is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (NH 4)(H 2 PO 4). ADP is a major ingredient of agricultural fertilizers [6] and dry chemical fire extinguishers. It also has significant uses in optics [7] and electronics. [8]
It uses a specially fluidized and siliconized monoammonium phosphate powder. [1] ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, the former being the active component. The mix between the two agents is usually 40–60%, 60–40%, or 90–10% depending on local standards worldwide.
Both triammonium salts evolve ammonia. In contrast to the unstable nature of the triammonium salts, the diammonium phosphate (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 and monoammonium salt (NH 4)H 2 PO 4 are stable materials that are commonly used as fertilizers to provide plants with fixed nitrogen and phosphorus. [3] Ammonium phosphate is the main ingredient in pink ...
Monoammonium phosphate, also known as ABC dry chemical, tri-class, or multipurpose, is used on class A, B and C fires. It receives its class A rating from the agent's ability to melt and flow at 374 °F (190 °C) [27] to smother the fire. It is more corrosive than other dry chemical agents and is pale yellow in color.
For example, mono-ammonium phosphate fertilizer may have a cadmium content of as low as 0.14 mg/kg or as high as 50.9 mg/kg. [89] The phosphate rock used in their manufacture can contain as much as 188 mg/kg cadmium [90] (examples are deposits on Nauru [91] and the Christmas Islands [92]).
Ammonium phosphate refers to three different chemical compounds, all of which are formed by the reaction of ammonia with phosphoric acid and have the general formula [NH 4] x [H 3−x PO 4], where 1 ≤ x ≤ 3:
According to the diammonium phosphate MSDS from CF Industries, Inc., decomposition starts as low as 70 °C: "Hazardous Decomposition Products: Gradually loses ammonia when exposed to air at room temperature. Decomposes to ammonia and monoammonium phosphate at around 70 °C (158 °F).
Ammonium polyphosphate is an inorganic salt of polyphosphoric acid and ammonia containing both chains and possibly branching. Its chemical formula is H(NH 4 PO 3) n OH showing that each monomer consists of an orthophosphate radical of a phosphorus atom with three oxygens and one negative charge neutralized by an ammonium cation leaving two bonds free to polymerize.
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