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(These terms derive from the Basque word "txalupa", used to name the whaling boats that were widely utilized during the golden era of Basque whaling in Labrador in the 16th century.) The whale was harpooned and lanced to death and either towed to the stern of the ship or to the shore at low tide, where men with long knives would flense (cut up ...
Whaling steamer Kodiak and crew, undated photo by John Nathan Cobb. Ships continued to overwinter at Herschel into the 20th century, but by that time they focused more on trading with the natives than on whaling. By 1909 there were only three whaleships left in the Arctic fleet, [36] with the last bowhead being killed commercially in 1921. [36]
Spermaceti was especially valuable, and as sperm whaling voyages were several years long, the whaling ships were equipped for all eventualities. There have also been vessels which combined chasing and processing, such as the bottlenose whalers of the late 19th and early 20th century, and catcher/factory ships of the modern era.
British vessels went on to make around 2,500 voyages whaling and sealing voyages to the South Seas between 1775 and 1859. [44] These voyages were made by over 930 vessels owned by 300 principal shipowners. [44] Some of these vessels in the South Atlantic also engaged in clandestine trading on the coast of Brazil. [45]
Whaling is the hunting of whales for their usable products such as meat and blubber, which can be turned into a type of oil that was important in the Industrial Revolution. Whaling was practiced as an organized industry as early as 875 AD. By the 16th century, it had become the principal industry in the Basque coastal regions of Spain and ...
Essex departed from Nantucket on August 12, 1819, on what was expected to be a roughly two-and-a-half-year voyage to the whaling grounds off the west coast of South America. The route towards Cape Horn was an indirect one dictated by the prevailing winds of the Atlantic Ocean .
Although there is no readily accessible data on her career before 1775, apparently she had made 32 annual whaling voyages prior to her capture in 1806, which suggests that she had been whaling since 1774. She made the sixth most whaling voyages of any northern whale fishery whaler. The whaling season lasted from March to July–August, or so.
1st whaling voyage (1815–1818): On this voyage she became the first vessel to return with 2000 barrels of oil. Globe sailed from Nantucket on 4 October 1815, bound for the Pacific. She returned on 1 January 1818 with 1890 barrels of sperm oil and 125 barrels of whale oil.