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The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and Uruguay until the latter achieved independence in 1828. The empire's government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Pedro I and his son Pedro II .
The land now known as Brazil was claimed by the Portuguese for the first time on 23 April 1500 when the Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral landed on its coast. Permanent settlement by the Portuguese followed in 1534, and for the next 300 years they slowly expanded into the territory to the west until they had established nearly all of the frontiers which constitute modern Brazil's borders.
Bethell, Leslie, ed. Brazil: Empire and Republic 1822–1930 (1989) Burns, E. Bradford. A History of Brazil (1993) excerpt and text search; Burns, E. Bradford. The Unwritten Alliance: Rio Branco and Brazilian-American Relations. New York: Columbia University Press 1966. Dean, Warren, Rio Claro: A Brazilian Plantation System, 1820–1920 ...
At the end of the Empire, only 1.5% of the Brazilian population had the right to vote. [21] Another important characteristic of the Brazilian electoral system during the Empire was the relationship between the state and religion, the so-called padroado.
Brazil, [b] officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, [c] is the largest and easternmost country in South America. It is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh largest by population, with over 203 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 states and a Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília.
The Empire of Brazil had a GDP almost 40% higher than the one of Argentina in 1890 ($11 billion compared to $7 billion in 1990 US dollars). [31] By 1913, Argentina had the fourth greatest economy in the world, [32] a GDP per capita equal to Germany and the Netherlands and higher than Spain, Italy, Sweden and Switzerland. [33]
Brazil adopts the Metric system. [113] 1864: 7 October: American Civil War: Bahia incident: USS Wachusett illegally captures the CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil, in violation of Brazilian neutrality. 1864–1865: Uruguayan War: forces of the Empire of Brazil invade Uruguay in support of Venancio Flores' Colorado ...
The Imperial Constitution of 1824 was the one that for the longest time was in the history of Brazil, between 1824 and 1889. Politics of the Empire of Brazil took place in a framework of a quasi-federal parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby the Emperor of Brazil was the head of state and nominally head of government although the Prime Minister, called President of the ...