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The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. [1] [a] The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base units is s −1, meaning that one hertz is one per second or the reciprocal of one second. [2]
The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high frequency these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. The electromagnetic waves in each of these bands have different characteristics, such as how they are ...
Acoustic – G 10, the highest pitch sung by Georgia Brown, who has a vocal range of 8 octaves. 44.1 kHz: Common audio sampling frequency: 10 5: 100 kHz: 740 kHz: The clock speed of the world's first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 (1971) 10 6: 1 megahertz (MHz) 530 kHz to 1.710 MHz: Electromagnetic – AM radio broadcasts 1 MHz to 8 MHz
where v is the speed of the wave (c in a vacuum or less in other media), f is the frequency and λ is the wavelength. As waves cross boundaries between different media, their speeds change but their frequencies remain constant. Electromagnetic waves in free space must be solutions of Maxwell's electromagnetic wave equation. Two main classes of ...
A pendulum with a period of 2.8 s and a frequency of 0.36 Hz. For cyclical phenomena such as oscillations, waves, or for examples of simple harmonic motion, the term frequency is defined as the number of cycles or repetitions per unit of time.
Terahertz waves lie mostly at the far end of the infrared band, the longest ones in the microwave band. Terahertz radiation – also known as submillimeter radiation, terahertz waves, tremendously high frequency [1] (THF), T-rays, T-waves, T-light, T-lux or THz – consists of electromagnetic waves within the International Telecommunication Union-designated band of frequencies from 0.1 to 10 ...
For example, a wavenumber in inverse centimeters can be converted to a frequency expressed in the unit gigahertz by multiplying by 29.979 2458 cm/ns (the speed of light, in centimeters per nanosecond); [5] conversely, an electromagnetic wave at 29.9792458 GHz has a wavelength of 1 cm in free space.
Clock rate is measured in the SI unit of frequency hertz (Hz). The clock rate of the first generation of computers was measured in hertz or kilohertz (kHz), the first personal computers from the 1970s through the 1980s had clock rates measured in megahertz (MHz). In the 21st century the speed of modern CPUs is