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A performance goal is a goal focused on gaining favorable judgement or avoiding unfavorable judgements by others. Performance goals focuses on ensuring that one's performance is noticeably superior to others. This motivation to outperform others is what enables the person to strive for more achievement in and outside of school and work as well.
An example of the hugging strategy is when a student practices teaching a lesson or when a student role plays with another student. These examples encourage critical thinking that engages the student and helps them understand what they are learning—one of the goals of transfer of learning [24] and desirable difficulties.
Researchers in the field of educational psychology have identified several principles of learning (sometimes referred to as laws of learning) which seem generally applicable to the learning process. These principles have been discovered, tested, and applied in real-world scenarios and situations.
In psychology, the four stages of competence, or the "conscious competence" learning model, relates to the psychological states involved in the process of progressing from incompetence to competence in a skill. People may have several skills, some unrelated to each other, and each skill will typically be at one of the stages at a given time.
The psychology of learning refers to theories and research on how individuals learn. There are many theories of learning. Some take on a more behaviorist approach which focuses on inputs and reinforcements. [1] [2] [3] Other approaches, such as neuroscience and social cognition, focus more on how the brain's organization and structure influence ...
These learning styles are not innate to an individual but rather are developed based on an individual's experiences and preferences. [10] Based on this model, the Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles Questionnaire (LSQ) [11] was developed to allow individuals to assess and reflect on how they consume information and learn from their experiences ...
Colloquially, the task is known as learning from examples. Most theories of concept learning are based on the storage of exemplars and avoid summarization or overt abstraction of any kind. In machine learning, this theory can be applied in training computer programs. [2] Concept learning: Inferring a Boolean-valued function from training ...
Cognitive style; Cognitive tutor; Communication apprehension; Community of practice; Concept learning; Concision; Conductive pedagogy; Constructive alignment; Constructivism (philosophy of education) Conversation theory; Correspondent inference theory; Creative pedagogy; Criterion-referenced test; Cultural-historical psychology; Culturally ...