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The usual cause of death is dehydration. Most cases of diarrheal illness and death occur in developing countries because of unsafe water, poor sanitation, and insufficient hygiene. Other waterborne diseases do not cause diarrhea; instead these diseases can cause malnutrition, skin infections, and organ damage. [3]
Sanitation systems aim to protect human health by providing a clean environment that will stop the transmission of disease, especially through the fecal–oral route. [2] For example, diarrhea, a main cause of malnutrition and stunted growth in children, can be reduced through adequate sanitation. [3]
Diseases of poverty, also known as poverty-related diseases, are diseases that are more prevalent in low-income populations. [1] They include infectious diseases, as well as diseases related to malnutrition and poor health behaviour. Poverty is one of the major social determinants of health. The World Health Report (2002) states that diseases ...
Risk factors for the disease include poor sanitation, insufficient clean drinking water, and poverty. [2] Cholera can be diagnosed by a stool test, [2] or a rapid dipstick test, although the dipstick test is less accurate. [10] Prevention methods against cholera include improved sanitation and access to clean water. [5]
Infectious disease. Waterborne diseases are conditions (meaning adverse effects on human health, such as death, disability, illness or disorders) [1]: 47 caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted by water. These diseases can be spread while bathing, washing, drinking water, or by eating food exposed to contaminated water. [2]
How smoke, poor air quality can impact health — even for people who live far away ... But even people without chronic lung disease can end up with airway irritation from wildfire smoke, leading ...
Main causes of fecal–oral disease transmission include lack of adequate sanitation (leading to open defecation), and poor hygiene practices. If soil or water bodies are polluted with fecal material, humans can be infected with waterborne diseases or soil-transmitted diseases. Fecal contamination of food is another form of fecal-oral transmission.
Giardiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia and G. intestinalis). [3] Infected individuals who experience symptoms (about 10% have no symptoms) may have diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. [1] Less common symptoms include vomiting and blood in the stool. [1]