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U.S. Energy Information Administration: World Crude Oil Prices Archived 2008-11-10 at the Wayback Machine; BP Crude Grades; Intertek: Crude Oil Grades and Types; MeGlobalOil: Carriage of Heavy Grade Oil; Statoil.com: Crude oil assays; EnergyIntel.com: The Crude Oils and their Key Characteristics; Capline system crude oil properties and quality ...
Energy Intelligence Group publishes a handbook which identified 195 major crude streams or blends in its 2011 edition. [1] [2] Benchmarks are used because there are many different varieties and grades of crude oil. [3] Using benchmarks makes referencing types of oil easier for sellers and buyers.
According to the composition of the crude oil and depending on the demands of the market, refineries can produce different shares of petroleum products. The largest share of oil products is used as "energy carriers", i.e. various grades of fuel oil and gasoline.
Petroleum [a] is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture. It consists mainly of hydrocarbons, [1] and is found in geological formations.The term petroleum refers both to naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil, as well as to petroleum products that consist of refined crude oil.
Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Mineral oil is organic. However, it is classified as "mineral oil" instead of as "organic oil" because its organic origin is remote (and was unknown at the time of its discovery), and because it is obtained in the vicinity of rocks, underground traps, and sands. Mineral oil also refers to several specific distillates of crude oil. [citation needed]
"It is the most significant set of market dislocations and distortions in energy markets generally speaking that I ever recall,” Ed Morse, global head of commodity research at Citi Group, told ...
Number 5 fuel oil is a residual-type industrial heating oil requiring preheating to 77–104 °C (171–219 °F) for proper atomization at the burners. [8] It may be obtained from the heavy gas oil cut, [7] or it may be a blend of residual oil with enough number 2 oil to adjust viscosity until it can be pumped without preheating. [8]