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Sociocracy is a theory of governance that seeks to create psychologically safe environments and productive organizations. It draws on the use of consent , rather than majority voting , in discussion and decision-making by people who have a shared goal or work process .
Holacracy is a method of decentralized management and organizational governance, which claims to distribute authority and decision-making through a holarchy of self-organizing teams rather than being vested in a management hierarchy. [1] [2] Holacracy has been adopted by for-profit and non-profit organizations in several countries. [3]
Sociocracy and holacracy are governance models introduced in the 1970s and early 2000s, respectively, focused on putting people at the center of performance. They define precise meeting modalities. Sociocracy is based on four principles: decision-making by consent, organization in circles, double-linking between circles, and election without ...
[307] [better source needed] [308] [309] [310] Jews have a rich history of involvement in anarchism, socialism, Marxism, and Western liberalism. Although the expression "on the left" covers a range of politics, many well-known figures "on the left" have been of Jews who were born into Jewish families and have various degrees of connection to ...
The political history of the world is the history of the various political entities created by the human race throughout their existence and the way these states define their borders. Throughout history , political systems have expanded from basic systems of self-governance and monarchy to the complex democratic and totalitarian systems that ...
Types of democracy refers to the various governance structures that embody the principles of democracy ("rule by the people") in some way. Democracy is frequently applied to governments (ranging from local to global), but may also be applied to other constructs like workplaces, families, community associations, and so forth.
She is conversant on sociocracy and holacracy and the "N Street Consensus Method", as alternatives to what she terms "consensus with unanimity". [8] [9] She was the keynote speaker at 2013 annual conference of the Swedish Ecovillage Network. [10] In 2020, she is leading online courses in sociocracy. [11]
Mob violence played a prominent role in the early history of the Latter Day Saint movement. [12] Examples include the expulsions from Missouri , the Haun's Mill massacre , the death of Joseph Smith , the expulsion from Nauvoo , the murder of Joseph Standing , and the Cane Creek Massacre .