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  2. Functional electrical stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_electrical...

    Functional electrical stimulation has been found to be effective for the management of pain and reduction of shoulder subluxation, as well as accelerating the degree and rate of motor recovery. Furthermore, the benefits of FES are maintained over time; research has demonstrated that the benefits are maintained for at least 24 months.

  3. Occipital nerve stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occipital_nerve_stimulation

    All participants had trial stimulation to ensure correct position of electrodes. A total of 153 participants completed 12 weeks in the trial. There was a statistically significant difference between the number of patients in the treatment group]and control group at the 30% reduction in pain level using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In ...

  4. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcutaneous_electrical...

    A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS or TNS) is a device that produces mild electric current to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes.TENS, by definition, covers the complete range of transcutaneously applied currents used for nerve excitation, but the term is often used with a more restrictive intent, namely, to describe the kind of pulses produced by portable ...

  5. Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcurrent_electrical...

    Most microcurrent treatments concentrate on pain and/or speeding healing and recovery. [4] It is commonly used by professional and performance athletes with acute pain and/or muscle tenderness as it is drug-free and non-invasive, thus avoiding testing and recovery issues. It is also used as a cosmetic treatment. [5]

  6. Electroanalgesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroanalgesia

    Recent studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of nerves leads to inhibitory input to the pain pathways at the spinal cord level. [7] PNS is most effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain (e.g., posttraumatic neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy) when the nerve lesion is distal to the site of stimulation.

  7. Pain stimulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_stimulus

    The four commonly used central pain stimuli are: the trapezius squeeze - which involves gripping and twisting a portion of the trapezius muscle in the patient's shoulder [1] mandibular pressure - this is the manual stimulation of the mandibular nerve, located within the angle of the jaw

  8. Neurostimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation

    Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an effective therapy for the treatment of chronic and intractable pain including diabetic neuropathy, failed back surgery syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome, phantom limb pain, ischemic limb pain, refractory unilateral limb pain syndrome, postherpetic neuralgia and acute herpes zoster pain.

  9. Spinal cord stimulator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_stimulator

    SCS is a consideration for people who have a pain condition that has not responded to more conservative therapy. [1] There are also spinal cord stimulators under research and development that could enable patients with spinal cord injury to walk again via epidural electrical stimulation (EES). [2] [3]