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Anisole, or methoxybenzene, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 OC 6 H 5. It is a colorless liquid with a smell reminiscent of anise seed, and in fact many of its derivatives are found in natural and artificial fragrances .
Anisole (C 6 H 5 OCH 3) is the simplest phenol ether, and is a versatile precursor for perfumes and pharmaceuticals. [1] Vanillin and ethylvanillin are phenol ether derivatives commonly utilized in vanilla flavorings and fragrances, while diphenyl ether is commonly used as a synthetic geranium fragrance.
Its chemical names are based on considering the structure as either an acetyl (methyl-ketone) analog of anisole. Other names It can also be seen as a methyl ether analog of acetophenone . Acetanisole is found naturally in castoreum , the glandular secretion of the beaver .
The reaction is known to be third order – first order in the aromatic, first order in the alkali metal, and first order in the alcohol. [4] This requires that the rate-limiting step be the conversion of radical anion B to the cyclohexadienyl radical C. Birch reduction of anisole. That step also determines the structure of the product.
Anisaldehyde is prepared commercially by oxidation of 4-methoxytoluene (p-cresyl methyl ether) using manganese dioxide to convert a methyl group to the aldehyde group. It can also be produced by oxidation of anethole , a related fragrance that is found in some alcoholic beverages, by oxidative cleavage of an alkene .
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
In order for the S N 2 reaction to take place there must be a good leaving group which is strongly electronegative, commonly a halide. [4] In the Williamson ether reaction there is an alkoxide ion (RO −) which acts as the nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon with the leaving group, which in most cases is an alkyl tosylate or an ...
Anisole converts to cresols under these conditions. [5] [6] Another isomer of cresol is called Benzyl alcohol, or alpha-cresol (α-cresol). Benzyl alcohol has a hydroxy group inside a methyl group on the benzene ring.