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  2. Equipotential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equipotential

    An equipotential of a scalar potential function in n-dimensional space is typically an (n − 1)-dimensional space. The del operator illustrates the relationship between a vector field and its associated scalar potential field. An equipotential region might be referred as being 'of equipotential' or simply be called 'an equipotential'.

  3. Method of image charges - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_image_charges

    Diagram illustrating the image method for Laplace's equation for a sphere of radius R. The green point is a charge q lying inside the sphere at a distance p from the origin, the red point is the image of that point, having charge −qR/p, lying outside the sphere at a distance of R 2 /p from the origin. The potential produced by the two charges ...

  4. Quadrupole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrupole

    The quadrupole moment tensor Q is a rank-two tensor—3×3 matrix. There are several definitions, but it is normally stated in the traceless form (i.e. + + =).The quadrupole moment tensor has thus nine components, but because of transposition symmetry and zero-trace property, in this form only five of these are independent.

  5. Implicit surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit_surface

    The electrical potential of a point charge at point = (,,) generates at point = (,,) the potential (omitting physical constants) (,,) = ‖ ‖.The equipotential surface for the potential value is the implicit surface (,,) = which is a sphere with center at point .

  6. Electric potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential

    Electric potential (also called the electric field potential, potential drop, the electrostatic potential) is defined as the amount of work/energy needed per unit of electric charge to move the charge from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field.

  7. Electric potential energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_potential_energy

    r = position in 3d space of the charge q, using cartesian coordinates r = (x, y, z), taking the position of the Q charge at r = (0,0,0), the scalar r = |r| is the norm of the position vector, d s = differential displacement vector along a path C going from r ref to r ,

  8. Gaussian surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_surface

    A cylindrical Gaussian surface is commonly used to calculate the electric charge of an infinitely long, straight, 'ideal' wire. A Gaussian surface is a closed surface in three-dimensional space through which the flux of a vector field is calculated; usually the gravitational field, electric field, or magnetic field. [1]

  9. Electric field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field

    The electric field of such a uniformly moving point charge is hence given by: [25] = (⁡) /, where is the charge of the point source, is the position vector from the point source to the point in space, is the ratio of observed speed of the charge particle to the speed of light and is the angle between and the observed velocity of the charged ...