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The arithmetic–geometric mean of two numbers, a 0 and b 0, is found by calculating the limit of the sequences + = +, + =, which both converge to the same limit. If = and = then the limit is () where () is the complete elliptic integral of the first kind
The geometric mean of two positive numbers is never greater than the arithmetic mean. [3] So the geometric means are an increasing sequence g 0 ≤ g 1 ≤ g 2 ≤ ...; the arithmetic means are a decreasing sequence a 0 ≥ a 1 ≥ a 2 ≥ ...; and g n ≤ M(x, y) ≤ a n for any n. These are strict inequalities if x ≠ y.
In several variables, the mean over a relatively compact domain U in a Euclidean space is defined by ¯ = (). This generalizes the arithmetic mean. On the other hand, it is also possible to generalize the geometric mean to functions by defining the geometric mean of f to be
In mathematics, generalized means (or power mean or Hölder mean from Otto Hölder) [1] are a family of functions for aggregating sets of numbers. These include as special cases the Pythagorean means (arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic means).
For example, the geometric mean of 2 and 3 is 2.45, while their arithmetic mean is 2.5. In particular, this means that when a set of non-identical numbers is subjected to a mean-preserving spread — that is, the elements of the set are "spread apart" more from each other while leaving the arithmetic mean unchanged — their geometric mean ...
A geometric construction of the quadratic mean and the Pythagorean means (of two numbers a and b). Harmonic mean denoted by H, geometric by G, arithmetic by A and quadratic mean (also known as root mean square) denoted by Q. Comparison of the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means of a pair of numbers.
The harmonic mean is denoted by H in purple, while the arithmetic mean is A in red and the geometric mean is G in blue. Q denotes a fourth mean, the quadratic mean . Since a hypotenuse is always longer than a leg of a right triangle , the diagram shows that H ≤ G ≤ A ≤ Q {\displaystyle H\leq G\leq A\leq Q} .
In mathematics, the QM-AM-GM-HM inequalities, also known as the mean inequality chain, state the relationship between the harmonic mean, geometric mean, arithmetic mean, and quadratic mean (also known as root mean square). Suppose that ,, …, are positive real numbers. Then