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The white matter is substantially affected, with noticeable atrophy (tissue loss), in addition to calcification of the arteries. [2] [6] [17] Microinfarcts may also be present in the gray matter (cerebral cortex), sometimes in large numbers. [2]
White matter is the tissue through which messages pass between different areas of grey matter within the central nervous system. The white matter is white because of the fatty substance (myelin) that surrounds the nerve fibers (axons). This myelin is found in almost all long nerve fibers, and acts as an electrical insulation.
Tangential growth suggests that the grey matter grows at a faster rate than the inner white matter and that the growth rate of the grey matter determines the growth rate of the white matter. Though both methods are differential, with the cortex growing more rapidly than the subcortex, tangential growth has been suggested as a more plausible model.
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a multisite study that aims to improve clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). [1] This cooperative study combines expertise and funding from the private and public sector to study subjects with AD, as well as those who may develop AD and controls with ...
The prevention of dementia involves reducing the number of risk factors for the development of dementia, and is a global health priority needing a global response. [1] [2] Initiatives include the establishment of the International Research Network on Dementia Prevention (IRNDP) [3] which aims to link researchers in this field globally, and the establishment of the Global Dementia Observatory ...
Retrogenesis is a medical hypothesis that just as the fetus goes through a process of neurodevelopment beginning with neurulation and ending with myelination, the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease go through a reverse neurodegeneration process starting with demyelination and death of axons (white matter) and ending with the death of ...
Grey matter contains most of the brain's neuronal cell bodies. [6] The grey matter includes regions of the brain involved in muscle control, and sensory perception such as seeing and hearing, memory, emotions, speech, decision-making, and self-control. The grey matter in the spinal cord is split into three grey columns:
In 1892, Paul Blocq and Gheorghe Marinescu first described the presence of plaques in grey matter. [8] [9] They referred to the plaques as 'nodules of neuroglial sclerosis'.In 1898, Emil Redlich reported plaques in three patients, two of whom had clinically verified dementia. [10]
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