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That is (unlike road distance with one-way streets) the distance between two points does not depend on which of the two points is the start and which is the destination. [11] It is positive, meaning that the distance between every two distinct points is a positive number, while the distance from any point to itself is zero. [11]
In the case of a line in the plane given by the equation ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are real constants with a and b not both zero, the distance from the line to a point (x 0,y 0) is [1] [2]: p.14
the distance between the two lines is the distance between the two intersection points of these lines with the perpendicular line y = − x / m . {\displaystyle y=-x/m\,.} This distance can be found by first solving the linear systems
Because parallel lines in a Euclidean plane are equidistant there is a unique distance between the two parallel lines. Given the equations of two non-vertical, non-horizontal parallel lines, = + = +, the distance between the two lines can be found by locating two points (one on each line) that lie on a common perpendicular to the parallel lines ...
The Hausdorff distance is the longest distance someone can be forced to travel by an adversary who chooses a point in one of the two sets, from where they then must travel to the other set. In other words, it is the greatest of all the distances from a point in one set to the closest point in the other set.
Assume that we want to find intersection of two infinite lines in 2-dimensional space, defined as a 1 x + b 1 y + c 1 = 0 and a 2 x + b 2 y + c 2 = 0. We can represent these two lines in line coordinates as U 1 = (a 1, b 1, c 1) and U 2 = (a 2, b 2, c 2). The intersection P′ of two lines is then simply given by [4]
A diagram illustrating great-circle distance (drawn in red) between two points on a sphere, P and Q. Two antipodal points, u and v are also shown. The great-circle distance, orthodromic distance, or spherical distance is the distance between two points on a sphere, measured along the great-circle arc between them. This arc is the shortest path ...
[1]: p. 23 From this, every straight line has a linear equation homogeneous in x, y, z. Every equation of the form + + = in real coefficients is a real straight line of finite points unless l : m : n is proportional to a : b : c, the side lengths, in which case we have the locus of points at infinity.