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Breast milk fortification refers to the addition of nutrients such as proteins, oligosaccharides, or cytokines into breast milk to supplement the natural contents of the milk. [2] [3] [4] This practice is common in babies that have been born prematurely, with a major goal of this practice being growth promotion. [8]
Infant formula An infant being fed from a baby bottle. Infant formula, also called baby formula, simply formula (American English), baby milk or infant milk (British English), is designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or without additional water).
Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breasts of women. Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for newborn infants , comprising fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and a varying composition of minerals and vitamins.
The different varieties include instant dried whole milk with Vitamins A & D, and Nido Kinder 1+. Nido is fortified with additional nutrients to those found in milk. Nido Kinder 1+ is non-fat powdered milk that is fortified with Prebio 1, a prebiotic fibre that benefits a child’s digestive system. [2] [3]
A human milk bank, breast milk bank or lactarium is a service that collects, screens, processes, pasteurizes, and dispenses by prescription human milk donated by nursing mothers who are not biologically related to the recipient infant. The optimum nutrition for newborn infants is breast milk for at least the first 6 months of life. [1]
Ingredients include concentrated milk powder, food oil (sometimes grease), and dextrin vitamin complexes. The formulas may be prepared by mixing with the local water supply. [ 4 ] There are other variants like Low Lactose F-75 and Lactose-Free F-75, which are used in case of persistent diarrhea in severe acute malnutrition.
Breast milk supply augments in response to the baby's demand for milk, and decreases when milk is allowed to remain in the breasts. [ 10 ] : 18–21 [ 10 ] : 27–34 [ 22 ] [ 10 ] : 72–80 [ 117 ] When considering a possibly low milk supply, it is important to consider the difference between "perceived low milk supply" and "true low milk supply".
Breastmilk medicine refers to the non-nutritional usage of human breast milk (HBM) as a medicine or therapy to cure diseases. Breastmilk is perceived as an important food that provides essential nutrition to infants.