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The left and right surround speakers in the bottom line create the surround sound effect. 5.1 surround sound ("five-point one") is the common name for surround sound audio systems. 5.1 is the most commonly used layout in home theatres. [1] It uses five full-bandwidth channels and one low-frequency effects channel (the "point one"). [2]
There were typically five speakers behind the screens of 70mm-capable cinemas, but only the left, center and right were used full-frequency, while center-left and center-right were only used for bass-frequencies (as it is currently common). The Apocalypse Now encoder/decoder was designed by Michael Karagosian, also for Dolby Laboratories.
A 10.2 surround sound system was demonstrated at Audyssey in Los Angeles and at Bjorn's Audio Video in San Antonio, Texas. [5] New York University claims to have two 10.2 surround sound systems set up in their new $6.5 million music technology complex at Steinhardt School. One in a recording studio and one in a screening room.
22.2 or Hamasaki 22.2 (named after Kimio Hamasaki, a senior research engineer at NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories in Japan) is the surround sound component of Super Hi-Vision (a new television standard with 16 times the pixel resolution (7680×4320) of HDTV (1920x1080).
A four channel quadraphonic diagram showing the usual placement of speakers around the listener. Quadraphonic (or quadrophonic, also called quadrasonic or by the neologism quadio [1] [formed by analogy with "stereo"]) sound – equivalent to what is now called 4.0 surround sound – uses four audio channels in which speakers are positioned at the four corners of a listening space.
7.1 surround sound is the common name for an eight-channel surround audio system commonly used in home theatre configurations. It adds two additional speakers to the more conventional six-channel ( 5.1 ) audio configuration.
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or, more fully, a speaker system) is a combination of one or more speaker drivers, an enclosure, and electrical connections (possibly including a crossover network). The speaker driver is an electroacoustic transducer [1]: 597 that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. [2]
For the number of bits required for high-quality sound reproduction, the size of the system becomes impractically large. For example, for a 16-bit system with the same bit depth as the 16-bit audio CD standard, starting with a 0.5 cm 2 driver for the least significant bit would require a total area for the driver array of 32,000 cm 2, or over 34 square feet (3.2 m 2).