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Meta-analysis of clinical trials has shown this combined therapy to be more effective than either of its ingredients by themselves. [6]The use of adapalene/benzoyl peroxide in combination with oral antibiotics (lymecycline) has been studied; [7] the combination was well tolerated and showed an improved success rate compared to those receiving only antibiotics (47.6% vs. 33.7%, P = 0.002).
It contains clindamycin, as the phosphate, a lincosamide antibacterial; adapalene, a synthetic retinoid; and benzoyl peroxide, an oxidizing agent. [2] It is applied to the skin . [ 2 ]
Tretinoin was patented in 1957 and approved for medical use in 1962. [13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [14] Tretinoin is available as a generic medication. [15] In 2022, it was the 238th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [16] [17]
Adapalene, sold under the brand name Differin among others, is a third-generation topical retinoid primarily used in the treatment of mild-moderate acne, and is also used off-label to treat keratosis pilaris as well as other skin conditions. [6] Studies have found adapalene is as effective as other retinoids, while causing less irritation. [7]
Tazarotene is most commonly used topically to treat acne vulgaris and psoriasis. [4] Like other topical retinoids, such as tretinoin and adapalene, tazarotene can be combined with benzoyl peroxide or an oral antibiotic, such as clindamycin or dapsone, for the treatment of acne. [8]
Clindamycin/tretinoin is a topical gel used in the treatment of acne. The two active ingredients are the antibiotic clindamycin phosphate (1.2%) and tretinoin (0.025%), a retinoid . [ 1 ] The two active ingredients perform different functions, the clindamycin is active against gram-positive bacteria, including streptococci and penicillin ...
Kligman formula consisting of 0.1% tretinoin, 5.0% hydroquinone, 0.1% dexamethasone, and hydrophilic ointment. [12] The dermatologist gold-standard formula for treating hyperpigmentation is the Kligman formula, a prescription named after its inventor, dermatologist Dr. Albert Kilgman.
Retinoic acid (simplified nomenclature for all-trans-retinoic acid) is a metabolite of vitamin A 1 (all-trans-retinol) that is required for embryonic development, male fertility, regulation of bone growth and immune function. [2] All-trans-retinoic acid is required for chordate animal development, which includes all higher animals from fish to ...
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