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Moreover, the lack of green spaces in low income, urban areas green gentrification due to these communities at present struggling with financial matters. [32] The promotion of green areas has a positive effect on the communities, and the imbalance of greenery in wealthy versus low-income areas exhibits environmental injustice.
More than half of the world's population is in cities, consuming a large portion of food and goods produced outside of cities. [8] The UN projects that 68% of the world population will live in urban areas by 2050. [5] In the year 2016, 31 mega-cities reported having at least 10 million in their population, 8 of which surpassed 20 million people ...
Urban reforestation projects may also lack support in neighborhoods where environmentalist groups do not sufficiently involve residents in planning and decision-making, particularly when white environmentalists are conducting projects in communities of color, as noted in a 2014 report by environmental sociologist Dorceta Taylor from the ...
Nature-based solutions such as green roofs and green and blue infrastructure can reduce the urban heat island effect and reduce ambient temperature in cities by shadowing and increasing evapotranspiration. In the UK, urban areas covered 100% by trees can be 10 degrees cooler than areas of continuous urban fabric. [108]
Mumbai being one of the world's most high risk cities to climate change, as it is a densely populated city with minimal green cover and open spaces is becoming warmer. A study noted that between 1980 and 2018, Mumbai lost 40% of green cover, 81% of open land, and estimated 30% of water bodies, while on the contrary a 66% rise has been observed ...
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The sustainable development of urban areas is crucial since more than 56% of the world's population lives in cities. Cities are in the lead of climate action, while being responsible for an estimated 75% of the world's carbon emissions. [55] [56] [57] [58]
One-fifth of the world's population, 1.2 billion people, live in areas of water scarcity. Climate change and water-related disasters will place increasing demands on urban systems and will result in increased migration to urban areas. Cities require a very large input of freshwater and in turn have a huge impact on freshwater systems.