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Conversely, if the current through an ideal current source is determined by some other voltage or current in a circuit, it is called a dependent or controlled current source. Symbols for these sources are shown in Figure 2.
Dependent sources can be classified as follows: Voltage-controlled voltage source: The source delivers the voltage as per the voltage of the dependent element. = Voltage-controlled current source: The source delivers the current as per the voltage of the dependent element.
The current-feedback operational amplifier is a type of current controlled voltage source (CCVS). Transimpedance amplifier, an ideal current controlled voltage source (CCVS) Norton amplifier, a current controlled voltage source (CCVS) with a differential current input
The current being "copied" can be, and sometimes is, a varying signal current. Conceptually, an ideal current mirror is simply an ideal inverting current amplifier that reverses the current direction as well, or it could consist of a current-controlled current source (CCCS). The current mirror is used to provide bias currents and active loads ...
Thus, it is a voltage controlled current source (VCCS). Three types of OTAs are single-input single-output, differential-input single-output, and differential-input differential-output (a.k.a. fully differential), [ 1 ] however this article focuses on differential-input single-output.
A transconductance amplifier (g m amplifier) puts out a current proportional to its input voltage. In network analysis, the transconductance amplifier is defined as a voltage controlled current source (VCCS). These amplifiers are commonly seen installed in a cascode configuration, which improves the frequency response.
Figure 3: A current amplifier (gray box) driven by a Norton source (i S, R S) and with a resistor load R L. Current divider in blue box at input (R S, R in) reduces the current gain, as does the current divider in green box at the output (R out,R L) The gain of an amplifier generally depends on its source and load terminations.
Conversely, if the voltage across an ideal voltage source is determined by some other voltage or current in a circuit, it is called a dependent or controlled voltage source. A mathematical model of an amplifier will include dependent voltage sources whose magnitude is governed by some fixed relation to an input signal, for example. [ 2 ]