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Banana plants are among the largest extant herbaceous plants, some reaching up to 9 m (30 ft) in height or 18 m (59 ft) in the case of Musa ingens.The large herb is composed of a modified underground stem (), a false trunk or pseudostem formed by the basal parts of tightly rolled leaves, a network of roots, and a large flower spike.
The largest and most economically important genus in the family is Musa, famous for the banana and plantain. The genus Musa was formally established in the first edition of Linnaeus ' Species Plantarum in 1753 — the publication that marks the start of the present formal botanical nomenclature .
[1] [2] These taxa differentiate from the "ginger-families" derived clade by their plesiomorphic state of five or six fertile stamens, [1] [2] [5] and generally have large banana-like [1] [2] leaves that are easily torn [5] between secondary veins. Morphologically, this is a more homogeneous group than the "ginger-families" clade. [2]
The banana plant is the largest herbaceous flowering plant. [2] All the above-ground parts of a banana plant grow from a structure called a corm. [3] Plants are normally tall and fairly sturdy with a treelike appearance, but what appears to be a trunk is actually a pseudostem composed of multiple leaf-stalks ().
Musa ornata, the flowering banana, [2] is one of more than 50 species of banana in the genus Musa of the family Musaceae. Most of these species are large tropical evergreen perennials , mainly from lowland areas with high temperature and humidity.
Left to right: plantains, Red, Latundan, and Cavendish bananas The following is a list of banana cultivars and the groups into which they are classified. Almost all modern cultivated varieties of edible bananas and plantains are hybrids and polyploids of two wild, seeded banana species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana.
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Native to Amazon. Domesticated and cultivated in South America, Central America and Caribbean. Indian Potato - roots of two native species- Apios americana and Apios priceana; Jerusalem artichoke - specific species of sunflower with large, edible root. Lily Bulbs- several species in Lilium family