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It is a common symptom of allergies or certain viral infections, such as the common cold or COVID-19. It can be a side effect of crying, exposure to cold temperatures, cocaine abuse, [2] or drug withdrawal, such as from methadone or other opioids. [3] Treatment for rhinorrhea may be aimed at reducing symptoms or treating underlying causes.
The diagnosis of sinusitis is based on the symptoms and their duration along with signs of disease identified by endoscopic and/or radiologic criteria. [11] Sinusitis is classified into acute sinusitis and chronic sinusitis. In acute sinusitis, symptoms last for less than 4 weeks. In chronic sinusitis symptoms must be present for at least 12 ...
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common medical condition characterized by symptoms of sinus inflammation lasting at least 12 weeks. The cause is unknown and the role of microorganisms remains unclear. It can be classified as either with or without nasal polyposis. [8] Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common cause of nasal polyps in children ...
Rhinitis is commonly caused by a viral or bacterial infection, including the common cold, which is caused by Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses, and influenza viruses, others caused by adenoviruses, human parainfluenza viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus, enteroviruses other than rhinoviruses, metapneumovirus, and measles virus, or bacterial ...
Rhinosinusitis is inflammation or infection of the sinus cavities. Acute rhinosinusitis has symptoms lasting less than four weeks, while chronic rhinosinusitis lasts greater than 12 weeks. [8] This persistent irritation can lead to increased mucus production as a result of pro-inflammatory pathways, producing symptoms of PND. [7]
It can result in a thick exudate of mucus and white blood cells caused by the swelling of the mucous membranes in the head in response to an infection. It is a symptom usually associated with the common cold , pharyngitis , and chesty coughs , but it can also be found in patients with adenoiditis , otitis media , sinusitis or tonsillitis .
Symptom onset is often within minutes following allergen exposure, and can affect sleep and the ability to work or study. [2] [9] Some people may develop symptoms only during specific times of the year, often as a result of pollen exposure. [3] Many people with allergic rhinitis also have asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis. [2]
These clinical problems can include secondary sinusitis, the inflammation of the sinuses from another source such as an infection of the adjacent teeth. [ 6 ] These conditions may be treated with drugs such as decongestants , which cause vasoconstriction in the sinuses; reducing inflammation; by traditional techniques of nasal irrigation ; or ...