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Lactase (EC 3.2.1.108) is an enzyme produced by many organisms and is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk.It breaks down the sugar lactose into its component parts, galactose and glucose.
The lactose operon (lac operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E. coli and many other enteric bacteria.Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most enteric bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available through the activity of β-galactosidase. [1]
Several genetic markers for lactase persistence have been identified, and these show that lactase persistence has multiple origins in different parts of the world (i.e. it is an example of convergent evolution). In particular, it has been hypothesized [58] that the T*13910 variant appeared at least twice independently. Indeed, it is observed on ...
"The particular bacteria that are responsible for 80 percent or so of these urinary tract infections are a form of E. coli," said study co-author Edward Egelman in a video released by the ...
Escherichia coli (E. coli) can be distinguished from most other coliforms by its ability to ferment lactose at 44 °C in the fecal coliform test, and by its growth and color reaction on certain types of culture media. When cultured on an eosin methylene blue (EMB) plate, a positive result for E. coli is metallic green colonies on a dark purple ...
The glycocholic acid breath test involves the administration of the bile acid 14 C glycocholic acid, and the detection of 14 CO 2, which would be elevated in bacterial overgrowth. [citation needed] However, some physicians suggest that if the suspicion of bacterial overgrowth is high enough, the best diagnostic test is a trial of treatment.
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
E. coli is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonsporulating coliform bacterium. [18] Cells are typically rod-shaped, and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25–1.0 μm in diameter, with a cell volume of 0.6–0.7 μm 3. [19] [20] [21] E. coli stains gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane.