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The extensor carpi radialis longus is one of the five main muscles that control movements at the wrist. [1] This muscle is quite long, starting on the lateral side of the humerus , and attaching to the base of the second metacarpal bone (metacarpal of the index finger ).
Any movement of the thumb and wrist causes the patient pain, inflammation and swelling. The presence of anomalous or variant muscles in the fourth compartment may result in chronic dorsal wrist pain, a condition known as the fourth compartment syndrome. [4] Intersection syndrome can be caused by direct trauma to the second extensor compartment.
The extensor digitorum muscle (also known as extensor digitorum communis) [2] is a muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals. It extends the medial four digits of the hand. Extensor digitorum is innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve, which is a branch of the radial nerve. [3]
Extensor digitorum brevis manus is an extra or accessory muscle on the backside (dorsum) of the hand. It was first described by Albinus in 1758. [1] The muscles lies in the fourth extensor compartment of the wrist, and is relatively rare. [2] It has a prevalence of 4% in the general population according to a meta-analysis. [3]
The chief complaint of this disease is usually pain in the dorsal aspect of the upper forearm, and any weakness described is secondary to the pain. Tenderness to palpation occurs over the area of the radial neck. Also, the disease can be diagnosed by a positive "middle finger test", where resisted middle finger extension produces pain.
The mechanism of injury is usually repetitive resisted extension, as with rowing, weight lifting, or pulling. [citation needed] Intersection syndrome is often confused with another condition called DeQuervain's syndrome, which is an irritation of the thumb-sided set of tendons at the wrist, called the first dorsal compartment.
One uncommon location of the cysts are in the muscle tendons of the hand, such as the extensor digitorum superficialis. [22] Cysts that were compressing one or more nerves and causing bone erosions have been reported to occur near the shoulder joint. [23]
What is known as the five Ps of compartment syndrome include: pain, generally the initial symptom, accompanied by pulselessness, pallor, paralysis, and paraesthesias. Pain will likely also increase upon extension of the affected limbs hands and fingers, which is one of the earliest signs of compartment syndrome and should urgently be followed ...