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  2. Sampling error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_error

    In statistics, sampling errors are incurred when the statistical characteristics of a population are estimated from a subset, or sample, of that population. Since the sample does not include all members of the population, statistics of the sample (often known as estimators ), such as means and quartiles, generally differ from the statistics of ...

  3. Total survey error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_survey_error

    Sampling error, which occurs in sample surveys but not censuses results from the variability inherent in using a randomly selected fraction of the population for estimation. Nonsampling error, which occurs in surveys and censuses alike, is the sum of all other errors, including errors in frame construction, sample selection, data collection ...

  4. Respondent error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respondent_error

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  5. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

    A visual representation of the sampling process. In statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology, sampling is the selection of a subset or a statistical sample (termed sample for short) of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. The subset is meant to reflect the whole ...

  6. Survey data collection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_data_collection

    With the application of probability sampling in the 1930s, surveys became a standard tool for empirical research in social sciences, marketing, and official statistics. [1] The methods involved in survey data collection are any of a number of ways in which data can be collected for a statistical survey. These are methods that are used to ...

  7. Design effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_effect

    Such procedures are used to mitigate issues in the sampling ranging from sampling error, under-coverage of the sampling frame to non-response. [16]: 45 [17] For example, these methods can be used to make the sample more similar to some target "controls" (i.e., population of interest), a process also called "standardization".

  8. Quantitative marketing research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Quantitative_marketing_research

    Quantitative marketing research is the application of quantitative research techniques to the field of marketing research.It has roots in both the positivist view of the world, and the modern marketing viewpoint that marketing is an interactive process in which both the buyer and seller reach a satisfying agreement on the "four Ps" of marketing: Product, Price, Place (location) and Promotion.

  9. Misuse of statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misuse_of_statistics

    To promote a neutral (useless) product, a company must find or conduct, for example, 40 studies with a confidence level of 95%. If the product is useless, this would produce one study showing the product was beneficial, one study showing it was harmful, and thirty-eight inconclusive studies (38 is 95% of 40).