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The cell survival curve is a curve often used in radiobiology that represents the relationship between the amount of cells retaining reproductive capabilities and the absorbed dose of radiation from said cells.
An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing. In cancer cells, the mitotic index may be elevated compared to normal growth of tissues or cellular repair of the site of an injury. [2] The mitotic index is therefore an important prognostic factor predicting both overall survival and response to chemotherapy in most types of cancer ...
Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen expressed in proliferating cells that is coded by the MKI67 gene on chromosome 10, and is expressed during the GI, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle. Cells are then stained with a Ki-67 antibody, and the number of stained nuclei is then expressed as a percentage of total tumor cells.
g2: % of cells in G2 phase; grade: tumor grade (1-4) gleason: Gleason grade (3-10) The survival tree produced by the analysis is shown in the figure. Survival tree for prostate cancer data set. Each branch in the tree indicates a split on the value of a variable.
A theoretical study suggested the maximum human lifespan to be around 125 years using a modified stretched exponential function for human survival curves. [15] In another study, researchers claimed that there exists a maximum lifespan for humans, and that the human maximal lifespan has been declining since the 1990s. [ 16 ]
On the one hand, Dick London describes de Moivre's law as "the first continuous probability distribution to be suggested" for use as a model of human survival. [9] Robert Batten takes a similar view, adding that "[de Moivre's] hypothesis .. has of course been found unrealistic". [ 10 ]
This is the survival function for Weibull distribution. For α = 1, it is same as the exponential distribution. For α = 1, it is same as the exponential distribution. Another famous example is when the survival model follows Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality . [ 2 ]
The typical normal human fetal cell will divide between 50 and 70 times before experiencing senescence. As the cell divides, the telomeres on the ends of chromosomes shorten. The Hayflick limit is the limit on cell replication imposed by the shortening of telomeres with each division. This end stage is known as cellular senescence.