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In topology, a branch of mathematics, a retraction is a continuous mapping from a topological space into a subspace that preserves the position of all points in that subspace. [1] The subspace is then called a retract of the original space. A deformation retraction is a mapping that captures the idea of continuously shrinking a space into a ...
The normal complement, specifically, is the kernel of the retraction. Every direct factor is a retract. [1] Conversely, any retract which is a normal subgroup is a direct factor. [5] Every retract has the congruence extension property. Every regular factor, and in particular, every free factor, is a retract.
Retraction (topology) Human physiology. Retracted (phonetics), a sound pronounced to the back of the vocal tract, in linguistics; Retracted tongue root, a position ...
The concept of a retraction in category theory comes from the essentially similar notion of a retraction in topology: : where is a subspace of is a retraction in the topological sense, if it's a retraction of the inclusion map : in the category theory sense.
The FPP is also preserved by any retraction. According to the Brouwer fixed-point theorem, every compact and convex subset of a Euclidean space has the FPP. More generally, according to the Schauder-Tychonoff fixed point theorem every compact and convex subset of a locally convex topological vector space has the FPP. Compactness alone does not ...
Inclusion maps are seen in algebraic topology where if is a strong deformation retract of , the inclusion map yields an isomorphism between all homotopy groups (that is, it is a homotopy equivalence). Inclusion maps in geometry come in different kinds: for example embeddings of submanifolds.
In mathematics, specifically algebraic topology, the mapping cylinder [1] of a continuous function between topological spaces and is the quotient = (([,])) / where the denotes the disjoint union, and ~ is the equivalence relation generated by
We give a topology by giving it the subspace topology as a subset of (where is the space of paths in which as a function space has the compact-open topology). Then the map E f → B {\displaystyle E_{f}\to B} given by ( a , γ ) ↦ γ ( 1 ) {\displaystyle (a,\gamma )\mapsto \gamma (1)} is a fibration.