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Cataphract-style parade armour of a Saka royal, also known as "The Golden Warrior", from the Issyk kurgan, a historical burial site near Almaty, Kazakhstan. Circa 400–200 BC. [5] [6] The Saka [a] were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who lived in the Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin from the 9th century BC to the 5th century AD.
The first Saka king of India was Maues/Moga (1st century BCE) who established Saka power in Gandhara. The Indo-Scythians extended their supremacy over north-western subcontinent, conquering the Indo-Greeks and other local kingdoms. [2] The Indo-Scythians were apparently subjugated by the Kushan Empire, by either Kujula Kadphises or Kanishka.
[5] Other sound changes have produced Sugᵘda 𐎿𐎢𐎦𐎢𐎭. [1] From an Iranian verbal root sak-, "go, roam" and thus meaning "nomad" was derived the term Saka, from which came the names: Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣𐎠, romanized: Sakā, used by the ancient Persians to designate all nomads of the Eurasian steppe, including the Scythians [6]
The power of the Saka rulers began to decline during the 2nd century CE after the Indo-Scythians were defeated by the Satavahana emperor Gautamiputra Satakarni. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Indo-Scythian rule in the northwestern subcontinent ended when the last Western Satrap, Rudrasimha III , was defeated by the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II in 395 CE.
In 519 BC, Darius I of Achaemenids attacked the Saka tribe and captured their king. His capture is depicted in the relief sculpture of Behistun Inscription, last in a row of defeated "lying kings". [4] After his defeat, Darius replaced him with the chief of another tribe. [5]
The reason why the Derbices, and not the Massagetae, are named as the people against whom Cyrus died fighting is because the Derbices were members or identical with the Massagetae. [ 44 ] [ 27 ] [ 2 ] [ 45 ] According to Strabo , Cyrus died fighting against the Saka (of which the Massagetae were a group), and according to Quintus Curtius Rufus ...
Pages in category "Saka people" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. ... Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4. ...
Saka or a last stand in battle, an ancient Indian tradition of men fighting to death. The practice was accompanied by jauhar , a women self-immolation when facing certain defeat in a war. Saka language , a variety of Eastern Iranian languages, attested from the ancient Buddhist kingdoms of Khotan and Tumshuq in the Tarim Basin