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The cavernous sinus receives blood from: [2] Superior and inferior ophthalmic veins [3]; Sphenoparietal sinus [3]; Superficial middle cerebral veins [3]; Inferior cerebral veins; Blood leaves the sinus via superior and inferior petrosal sinuses as well as via the emissary veins through the foramina of the skull (mostly through foramen ovale).
The danger triangle of the face consists of the area from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the nose, including the nose and maxilla. [1] [2]: 345–346 Due to the special nature of the blood supply to the human nose and surrounding area, it is possible for retrograde infection from the nasal area to spread to the brain, causing cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, or brain abscess.
A sphenoparietal sinus is situated under each lesser wing of the sphenoid bone near the posterior edge of this bone, [2] between the anterior cranial fossa and middle cranial fossa. [ citation needed ] It terminates by draining into the anterior part of the cavernous sinus .
The intercavernous sinuses are two in number, an anterior and a posterior, and connect the two cavernous sinuses [1] across the middle line.. Intercavernous sinuses. The anterior passes in front of the hypophysis cerebri (pituitary gland), the posterior behind it, and they form with the cavernous sinuses a venous circle (circular sinus) around the hypophysis.
A sinus is a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage. In common usage, "sinus" usually refers to the paranasal sinuses, which are air cavities in the cranial bones, especially those near the nose and connecting to it. Most individuals have four paired cavities located in the cranial bone or skull.
Oblique section through the cavernous sinus. The cavernous segment, or C4, of the internal carotid artery begins at the petrolingual ligament and extends to the proximal dural ring, which is formed by the medial and inferior periosteum of the anterior clinoid process. The cavernous segment is surrounded by the cavernous sinus.
The superficial middle cerebral vein (superficial Sylvian vein) begins on the lateral surface of the hemisphere.It runs along the lateral sulcus [1] to empty into either the cavernous sinus, [1] [2] or sphenoparietal sinus. [1]
Thrombophlebitis of the facial vein, (inflammation of the facial vein with secondary clot formation) can result in pieces of an infected clot extending into the cavernous sinus, forming thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus. Infections may spread from the facial veins into the dural venous sinuses. Infections may also be introduced by facial ...