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A brush border (striated border or brush border membrane) is the microvillus-covered surface of simple cuboidal and simple columnar epithelium found in different parts of the body. Microvilli are approximately 100 nanometers in diameter and their length varies from approximately 100 to 2,000 nanometers.
Succinate appears to be the primary agent that fully activates human SUCNR1. [21] None of 800 tested compounds and 200 tested carboxylic acids fully activated SUCNR1 except for a) oxaloacetate, malate, α-ketoglutarate [38] [19] (α-ketoglutarate also activates the OXGR1 GPR receptor [39]), and methylmalonate but were 5- to 10-fold less potent than succinate in doing so [13] and b) two ...
The proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from the renal pole of the Bowman's capsule to the beginning of loop of Henle.At this location, the glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs) lining bowman’s capsule abruptly transition to proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs).
The Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types in the human body". [13] By 2018, the Human Cell Atlas description based the project on the assumption that "our characterization of the hundreds of types and subtypes of cells in the ...
Parietal epithelial cell (PEC) Podocyte; Angioblast → Endothelial cell; Mesangial cell. Intraglomerular; Extraglomerular; Juxtaglomerular cell; Macula densa cell; Stromal cell → Interstitial cell → Telocytes; Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell; Kidney distal tubule cell; Connecting tubule cells; α-intercalated cell; β-intercalated ...
There are overlapping areas that both nephrologists and urologists can provide care such as kidney stones and kidney related infections. There are many causes of kidney disease . Some causes are acquired over the course of life, such as diabetic nephropathy whereas others are congenital , such as polycystic kidney disease .
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The DCT is lined with simple cuboidal cells, the distal convoluted tubule cells, that are shorter than those of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). The lumen appears larger in the PCT than the DCT lumen because the PCT has a brush border (microvilli).